How does a hot water boiler differ from a steam boiler?

A hot water boiler operates below boiling temperature, which is a key distinction from a steam boiler. In a hot water system, water is heated to a temperature typically around 180°F (82°C) and circulated through pipes and radiators. This process involves maintaining water in a liquid state, allowing for efficient heating without producing steam.

In contrast, steam boilers operate at or above the boiling point of water, generating steam that is then distributed for heating purposes. This fundamental difference affects not only the operating temperature but also the system's design, maintenance requirements, and energy efficiency.

Recognizing that hot water boilers function below the boiling point allows for a better understanding of their applications, advantages, and limitations compared to steam boilers, which are designed to utilize steam as a means of heat transfer.