What effect does low-water condition have on a boiler's operation?

A low-water condition in a boiler can have severe implications for its operation. When the water level falls below the safe operating range, the boiler’s heating surfaces become uncovered. This lack of water prevents effective heat transfer, leading to overheating of the metal components of the boiler, particularly the furnace and the tubes.

If the overheating continues, it can result in catastrophic failures such as thermal stress, warping, or even explosions due to the excessive temperature. Thus, maintaining the proper water level is crucial not only for efficient steam production but also for the safety and longevity of the boiler system.